Letter from Thomas J. Moise in Charleston, South Carolina, to Reverend I. Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Moise writes about the status of subscriptions to *The Occident*, mentioning Mr. Lazarus, Mr. Hyams, and Mr. S. L. Barnett. He also shares news of his well-being and anticipates a lively winter.
Two-page letter from M. Mayer in Charleston, South Carolina to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mayer discusses the excessive heat, an enclosed article for publication, and another enclosed letter to be passed on to Mr. M., a scholar of Talmud. Mayer describes Mr. M.'s scholarship and faults, his lack of writing, and reserved lifestyle, hoping that America will change this.
Letter from Solomon to Isaac Leeser discussing a letter written by Mr. Jacobs criticizing Leeser's translation of Exodus 33:14. Solomon defends Leeser and offers multiple authoritative sources and commentaries to support Leeser's translation, criticizing Jacobs for quoting out of context and making unfounded personal attacks. The letter also touches upon the freedom of the press and the importance of avoiding personal attacks in public discourse. Solomon advises Leeser to respond by publishing the various renderings of the verse and leaving Jacobs to public contempt.
Letter from Nathaniel Levine, secretary and treasurer of Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim (KKBE) in Charleston, South Carolina, to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The letter conveys the board's unanimous resolutions expressing gratitude for Leeser's sermons and wishes for his continued health and service. The resolutions praise Leeser's eloquent sermons and valuable moral and religious teachings. They express hope for his improved health following a visit to the South and wish for him to continue preaching and teaching for many years to come. The letter also notes that copies of the resolutions will be sent to Leeser and published in the Occident and Jewish Messenger.
Letter from Julius Eckman to Isaac Leeser, written in Charleston, South Carolina on May 13, 1851, concerning a previous article in the Occident. Eckman defends his actions and beliefs, explaining his election to a position despite differing views. The letter includes a note by the editor of the Occident discussing the publication of opposing viewpoints and the difficulty of mediating between conflicting opinions within the Jewish community. The editor expresses admiration for Eckman's courage but also critiques his actions.
Levine, Nathaniel writes to Isaac Leeser from Charleston, South Carolina on April 15, 1851, requesting that Leeser publish a sketch of Dr. E. in the May issue of *The Occident*, or, if that is not possible, to forward it to the editor of *The Asmonean*. Levine also discusses Dr. E.'s opposition within his congregation, his denouncement of Poznanski and his opinions, and offers to procure subscribers for Leeser's Bible. He mentions a recent domestic affliction that has prevented him from writing sooner, and expresses support for Leeser against his detractors, including Rev. Jacob Rosenfeld. He concludes by expressing his satisfaction with Leeser's address on the presentation of silver, which he found well-conceived. Two images are included: il_tcat_item30_wk1_body0001.jpg and il_tcat_item30_wk1_body0002.jpg.
A four-page letter from Dr. M. Mayer of Charleston, South Carolina, to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dated March 29, 1859. Mayer explains his long silence, citing the difficulties and pressures he has faced as a Jewish minister. He discusses his reluctance to engage in religious controversies, his work on a translation of Biblical History, and the lack of support he received from other ministers during an illness. He also comments on the state of Jewish affairs in Charleston and the lack of unity among Jews, except when it is beneficial.
Letter from Myer Jacobs, Secretary and Treasurer of the Hebrew Congregation Beth Elohim in Charleston, South Carolina, to Isaac Leeser, editor of the Occident, requesting publication of a notice seeking a temporary reader for the congregation until a permanent minister is elected. The notice includes instructions for applicants to submit testimonials and contact Joshua Lazarus, President of the Congregation, for further information. The letter is written on two pages across four sheets and includes a wax seal.
Letter from Julius Eckman to Isaac Leeser discussing various topics, including Eckman's writings, the opinions of Moses Mendelssohn, the challenges of his work in Charleston, and his criticisms of the writings of Reverend Miller. Eckman expresses frustration with those who oppose him, and details his activities such as lecturing and teaching Hebrew. He also proposes articles for Leeser's periodical, focusing on the critiques of Christianity, referencing German, English, and American Christian divines. The letter shows Eckman's dedication to his religious and educational work, his intellectual engagement with religious discourse, and his relationship with Leeser.
Letter from Solomon Jacobs to Isaac Leeser, written in Charleston, South Carolina on July 11, 1864. Jacobs apologizes for not sending a promised manuscript revision from New York, citing fatigue. He encloses the remaining portion of the article, acknowledging the possibility of missing pages and trusting Leeser's judgment to address any gaps. He expresses hope for Leeser's good health and signs off with respect. The letter is two pages long on two sheets of legal-sized letter paper and includes a wax seal.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer in Charleston, South Carolina, to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dated November 9, 1855. Mayer writes that his sister-in-law, Mrs. J. I. Moses, requests that the Occident be sent to her care in Charleston. He also mentions a recent illness, and comments on the "Cleveland Farce."
Letter from Jacob Canter DeLaMotta to Isaac Leeser from Charleston, South Carolina, expressing friendship and offering assistance in obtaining subscribers for Leeser's publications. DeLaMotta discusses his efforts to promote the publications and reflects on his acquaintances in Philadelphia. He also includes personal comments, expressing hope that his Philadelphia friends are well and mentioning his admiration for a certain lady. The letter is written on four sheets of paper, comprising three pages. The last page includes a postscript expressing greetings to Mr. Peixotto and his family.
Letter from R. C. Moise to Isaac Leeser regarding the publication of a preamble and resolution adopted by a religious society in Charleston, SC. Moise expresses a desire for publication in Leeser's journal and notes that it was published in the local "Carrier" before he could send it. The letter also mentions regret at not seeing Leeser and friends during a visit to Philadelphia.
Letter from Thomas J. Moise of Charleston, South Carolina, to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Moise writes that he has collected money owed by I. I. Cohen and is remitting a check for $27.00 for three subscriptions. He expresses his concern about collecting from Lewis Levy and suggests that Leeser write to him. Moise comments on the slow growth of his subscription list due to his own lack of attention, his family's well-being, a Mr. Hart from Philadelphia, and the visit of Jenny Lind. He also discusses local community matters, such as the upcoming election of the president of the local congregation, appointments of trustees, Reverend Rosenfeldt's acceptance of a position in California, and a controversy between Dr. Eckman and Mr. Posnanski. Finally, he notes not receiving the January edition of the Occident and asks for a duplicate copy. The letter includes a wax seal.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer in Charleston, South Carolina to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mayer addresses misunderstandings stemming from his correspondence with Dr. Ph's Zeitung des Judenthums, clarifying a passage and its translation. He defends his views on orthodoxy and criticizes Leeser's assessment of certain individuals. The letter also discusses the use of English hymns in synagogues, and Mayer mentions purchasing copies of Leeser's small bible for his Sunday School. Mayer includes a book he compiled with original compositions and translations, and requests two copies of Mendelssohn's Jerusalem.
Four-page letter from Julius Eckman in Charleston, South Carolina to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dated August 20, 1851. The letter discusses disagreements within a Jewish congregation, specifically regarding the introduction of reforms such as German prayers and the use of an organ. Eckman defends his actions and opinions, expressing frustration with those who oppose him. He also mentions various rabbis and their views on these reforms. The letter contains both English and Hebrew text, along with numerous annotations and insertions.
Letter from E. Sommers in Charleston, South Carolina to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sommers encloses a check for twenty-seven dollars, three of which are for his yearly subscription to *The Occident*, and the remaining twenty-four dollars are from the members of the Shearith Israel congregation for the benefit of poor brethren in Jerusalem. Sommers also informs Leeser that Rev. Ellis Lyons was elected minister of their congregation for two years. The letter includes a wax seal.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer in Charleston, South Carolina to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mayer discusses his previous letter, which he believes has been lost, and requests that Leeser send him the Occident magazine, starting with the April issue. He also asks for a missing issue (Vol. VI, No. 1) and mentions his recent engagement to Miss Rachel Ottolengin. The letter also touches on the quiet state of affairs in both their congregations and a disagreement between Leeser and Mr. Lyons regarding publication costs.
Letter from Samuel Hart, Sen. in Charleston, South Carolina to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Hart inquires about Leeser's health, asks about Mr. Woolf's travels, discusses the distribution of publications, and the missing issues of *The Occident* for Miss Simpson. He mentions a recent wedding and an upcoming one, and raises concerns about the prospective groom's circumcision status and its implications for marriage within the Jewish community. He also shares local news and mentions visitors spending the winter in Charleston.
Abraham Harris writes to Isaac Leeser to relay a conversation he had with Dr. Mayer concerning Leeser. Mayer recounts a conversation where Leeser expressed indignation and contempt toward Harris, stemming from a belief that Harris had been dishonest about his religious orthodoxy. The letter also details an anecdote related by Mayer about a Philadelphia Hebrew lady who requested that Leeser curtail his visits to her home. Finally, Mayer also relayed information from Dr. Fischel that Leeser was considering conversion.
Letter from Jacob Rosenfeld to Isaac Leeser discussing, among other things, the publication of "Talmudical Tales", the decline of orthodoxy in Charleston, and the conferring of doctorates. Rosenfeld mentions the resignation of Pozenanski and Eckman's claim to strict orthodoxy, as well as the poor practices of the Charleston shochet. He also comments on Dr. Wise's actions and the bestowing of honorary titles within the congregations. The letter includes four pages.
Letter from Thomas J. Moise to Isaac Leeser discussing subscriptions to *The Occident*, a Jewish periodical. Moise reports on new subscribers, those who declined to continue subscriptions, and those who did not respond to sent copies. He mentions difficulties in collecting payment from some subscribers. The letter also references articles in *The Occident* that caused offense, particularly articles against Mr. Posnanski.
Letter from I. N. Hart of Charleston, South Carolina, to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Hart acknowledges receipt of Leeser's letters and expresses regret at Leeser's ill health. He discusses the forwarding of a parcel, mentions a contribution for synagogue rebuilding, and comments on his own limited time for correspondence. He suggests Leeser correspond with Major I. Lazarus of Charleston for assistance with fundraising efforts, due to Hart's and his father's busy schedules exacerbated by a local epidemic. Hart also provides updates on the health of others, and offers well wishes. The letter includes a wax seal and is written on two pages across four sheets.
Letter from Samuel Hart, Sen. in Charleston, South Carolina, to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Hart describes the outcome of a lawsuit, expressing disappointment and concern about the future of his organization. He discusses the legal proceedings, the testimony of various individuals (Mr. Valentine, Mr. Memminger, Mr. Bailey), and the judge's decision. Hart also laments the lack of support from his congregation and expresses regret that Leeser could not offer counsel. The letter also mentions receiving books from England and makes a request for Mr. Rosenfeldt to receive a copy of the "Conciliator" by mail.
Letter from Solomon Nunes Carvalho to Isaac Leeser discussing an attack on Leeser in the *Asmonean* by M. H. Breslaw. Carvalho advises Leeser to ignore Breslaw, describing him as a man of "low bred and loose character." Carvalho quotes Pericles and includes a public notice from the *London Jewish Chronicle* regarding Breslaw's dismissal from the paper. He further encourages Leeser to avoid engaging in controversies over minor issues, advocating for a broader, more tolerant approach to religious matters. The letter also mentions the death of a young man named Simon.
Letter from Moses Cohen Mordecai in Charleston, South Carolina to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mordecai acknowledges receipt of Leeser's letter and explains his inability to grant a pension to Miss Judah due to his own financial obligations to his family and other relatives. He mentions speaking with Mr. David Judah in Baltimore regarding Miss Judah's situation.
Letter from Thomas J. Moïefse to Isaac Leeser discussing the amount due by the Augusta congregation for a set of books. Moïefse mentions that he hasn't received a reply from Mr. Saml Levy yet, but Mr. Cohen assures him that the congregation will pay. He also expresses regret that his fundraising circular has received no significant additions due to his sister's illness. He describes her illness as a severe attack of confluent varioloid. His sister's illness prevented him from visiting and making applications for subscriptions. He concludes by stating that he will aid in the circulation of the books should publication be determined.
Letter from G. D. Bernheim to Isaac Leeser, written in Charleston, South Carolina on December 9, 1852. Bernheim references an article in the October issue of *The Occident*, specifically page 356, and sends Leeser an article to be published in response to one by Mr. Marcussohn. He expresses a desire for justice and harmony and mentions that if Leeser refuses publication, he will publish his response in other journals. The letter is one page long.
Letter from Solomon Nunes Carvalho to Isaac Leeser discussing the election of a new minister for the Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim Synagogue in Charleston, South Carolina. Carvalho details the events leading to the selection of Reverend S. Jacobs, highlighting the conflicting preferences within the congregation and the role played by various individuals, including Mr. Levin, Mr. Valentine, and Dr. Eckman. He also mentions a letter received from Mr. Henry and shares news about the resignation of Reverend M. N. Nathan from the K. K. Dispersed of Israel in New Orleans. The letter expresses Carvalho's opinions on the situation and offers advice to Leeser.
Isaac N. Cardilo writes to Isaac Leeser from Charleston, South Carolina on August 18, 1851, to return proof sheets of a manuscript with corrections. Cardilo expresses his thanks for Leeser's promptness and impartiality. He addresses Leeser's remarks on the controversy between Mr. Poznanski and Rev. Dr. Eckman, asserting that any flaws in Leeser's argument stemmed from faulty premises rather than unfairness. Cardilo praises Leeser's spirit of truth and tolerance. A postscript notes a perceived omission in the original manuscript, which Leeser has seemingly corrected.
This record contains a copy of the inscription on a salver presented to Reverend Dr. M. Mayer from his friends and members of the Congregation "Beth Elohim" in Charleston, South Carolina. The inscription expresses esteem and high appreciation of his character as a man and minister.
Letter from Thomas J. Moise to Isaac Leeser inquiring about a check for $11.86 sent on or about September 28, 1851. Moise expresses concern that the check, payable to "Rev I. Leeser or Bearer," might have been lost or misused and requests confirmation of its receipt.
Letter from Solomon Nunes Carvalho to Isaac Leeser discussing various matters, including a letter written by Leeser to Mr. Myer, a meeting on Sunday, and a potential lawsuit against Leeser by Mr. Henry. Carvalho also inquires about the health of Solomon Solis in Europe. The letter references several literary and biblical figures and alludes to a complex situation involving reputation and legal matters.
Letter from Nathaniel Levine to Isaac Leeser. Levine encloses an advertisement for the coming of the "Occident" and requests Leeser to call notice to this advertisement editorially. He also asks Leeser if he knows of anyone who can fill a certain position.
Letter from M. Mayer in Charleston, South Carolina, to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, requesting that Leeser send him the Occident magazine and a missing volume. Mayer also announces his engagement to Miss Rachel Ottolengui.
Letter from Nathaniel Levine to Isaac Leeser discussing a charity sermon delivered by Reverend Solomon Jacobs, the positive reception of Jacobs' sermons, efforts towards congregational reunion, and the recent difficult season with many deaths. The letter mentions a charity sermon that raised $300 and requests that Leeser notice the sermon in the November issue of *The Occident*. It also conveys the writer's hope for a congregational reunion, naming Poznanski and Jacobs as barriers, but expresses belief that they will eventually yield to the situation.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer of Charleston, South Carolina to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mayer apologizes for the delay in sending the conclusion of an essay he had promised Leeser, explaining that various engagements, including those related to setting up a household, have prevented him from fulfilling his promise sooner. He hopes Leeser will excuse the delay. Mayer then proposes that Leeser might consider publishing a retrospective view of Jewish history for the year 5615 (in the Jewish calendar), similar to what is published annually in German newspapers. He suggests that such a piece would be timely in the September issue of *The Occident*, and offers to write it if Leeser is interested, requesting additional time for this task.
![Letter from B. Palauture[?] to Isaac Leeser;June 06, 1854](https://iiif-images.library.upenn.edu/iiif/2/ecf7f4dc-8cce-429b-8639-1b2a1e86716c/full/!600,600/0/default.jpg)
Letter from B. Paleature[?] to Isaac Leeser regarding the flourishing condition of Congregation Shearith Israel in Charleston, SC, despite efforts to ridicule Orthodox congregations. Paleature encloses the proceedings of a meeting held on June 4th, 1854, for publication in Leeser's Occident. The letter expresses confidence in God's continued support for those who adhere to traditional Judaism.
Letter from Thomas J. Moise to Isaac Leeser, written in Charleston, South Carolina on May 15, 1855. Moise explains the delays in sending a remittance, citing issues with collections from Charles Levy, Col. Jacobs, B. D. Lazarus, and others who have not paid for subscriptions to the Occident or the Bible. He notes that David Seixas has apparently paid for his prayer books and expresses his intent to continue pursuing payment on outstanding bills. He closes by mentioning his mother's visit to Sumterville and that all is well at home.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer in Charleston, South Carolina to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mayer requests Leeser to publish an advertisement in his periodical. He promises to send more next week.
Two-page letter from S. N. Carralby to Isaac Leeser, written in Charleston, South Carolina on October 15, 1851. Carralby describes suffering from a boil and writes while standing due to the pain. He orders prayer books for Mr. Ben Mordecai and shares family news. He mentions the Occident, a publication seemingly edited by Leeser, and expresses hope to avoid further troubles with "O". The letter includes a handwritten address on the second page.
A one-page letter from Thomas J. Moise in Charleston, South Carolina to Reverend I. Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Moise writes that he has procured a check for $11.86, which with premium is almost $12, and has sent it to Leeser. He expresses pleasure at learning of Leeser's intention to travel South and hopes that the trip will be advantageous. The letter is written in haste.
This four-page letter, written in English, is addressed to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia. The author discusses a controversy involving several individuals (identified by initials or partial names) and their publications. The content involves accusations of dishonesty, compromised reputations, and disputes within a religious community. The writer expresses concerns about the accuracy of information published and offers their perspective on the situation. There are detailed accounts of various events, opinions on the handling of the conflict, and references to specific publications. The writer also discusses requests to remove parts of previous writings, including Hebrew phrases and specific remarks, in order to maintain peace and avoid further conflict. The letter also delves into personal grievances and the social dynamics of the group involved, particularly the author's interactions with other members and those within the larger community.
Four-page letter from Samuel Hart, Sr. to Isaac Leeser discussing a teacher's dismissal for drunkenness and a subsequent lawsuit. Hart details the teacher's actions and the congregation's response, seeking Leeser's input and information on the teacher's past. Hart also mentions receiving books and an account statement request from Abrn Moise. The letter also includes a brief mention of a visit from Rev. H. Jacobs of Richmond, who preached to much approval.
Letter from J. Eckman to Isaac Leeser, written in Charleston, SC on August 13, 1851. Eckman informs Leeser that he will send a continuation of his published work, possibly by Thursday or Friday. He also mentions a previous letter sent on August 8th with seven dollars enclosed and asks for feedback on his work.
Letter from R. C. Moise to Reverend Isaac Leeser expressing concern for Leeser's health following an illness, and discussing various social events, family matters, and religious topics. Moise also mentions recent technological advancements like Daguerreotypes and the telegraph, reflecting on how these innovations coexist with persistent human flaws. The letter includes reflections on health, family, social events, religious faith and technological advancements.
Mordecai writes to Isaac Leeser requesting information about Miss Esther Davidson, who has applied for a governess position in his family. He seeks details about her character, disposition, capabilities, and antecedents, emphasizing the importance of finding someone who can provide both academic and moral instruction to his children (ages 6-12). He specifies a need for skills in English, French, music, and painting.
Letter from Solomon Nunes Carvalho to Isaac Leeser discussing various topics, including a transcription of laws, a communication for Breslaw, and a remark made by Mrs. Jacqueline Levy. Carvalho also mentions Dr. Eckman's invitation to officiate for the upcoming holidays, and his encounter with Dr. Myer and Mr. Jacobs.
A one-page letter written on four sheets of lined paper from Charleston, South Carolina to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The author, M. N. Nathan, requests that the recipient, Reverend Isaac Leeser, send him copies of *The Occident* for May, June, and August 1852, as he has only received the April and July issues.
Letter from Jacob Rosenfeld to Isaac Leeser discussing a proposed convention, the writer's contributions to the Occident, and news from Charleston, South Carolina. Rosenfeld explains his delay in responding to Leeser's communications and offers a written piece for the journal. He expresses disappointment at the Congregation Shearit Israel's decision not to join the convention and suggests a strategy for gaining wider support. The letter also includes updates on local events and personnel changes within the Charleston congregation.
Letter from Dr. M. Meyer of Charleston, South Carolina, to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Meyer sends Leeser a translation of a portion of Dr. M.'s work, requesting Leeser's corrections before publication. He also comments on Leeser's letter (date unspecified) delivered by J. N. Hart, discussing the lack of true religion among coreligionists and the persecution of ministers due to personal conflicts rather than religious reasons. Meyer expresses skepticism about the effectiveness of a proposed Union Meeting to reconcile different factions within the Jewish community, citing various examples of hypocrisy and inconsistency within the community's practices. He concludes by suggesting a collaborative proclamation by prominent ministers in New York as a potential first step to unity and concludes by reflecting on the lack of support from the orthodox community for the Occident.
Letter from Thomas J. Moise to Reverend I. Leeser, written in Charleston, South Carolina on October 19, 1850. Moise discusses the collection of debts owed for the Occident, a publication. He expresses interest in serving as a regular correspondent, agent, or canvasser for subscribers to a new publication.
A four-page letter written from Charleston, where the author discusses their health and family matters, including illnesses and the engagement of a cousin. The writer reflects on the differences between city and country life, expressing a preference for the latter's spiritual tranquility. The letter also touches upon their family's move from Georgia to South Carolina, their feelings about a potential new minister, and their affection for friends.
Letter from Joshua Lazarus, Chairman of a Charleston congregation, to Reverend S. Morais in Philadelphia, requesting information about Abraham Harris, who has applied for a ministerial position. Concerns have arisen regarding Harris's character and suitability. Lazarus seeks information on whether Harris preached to Christian audiences or applied to Christian denominations for ordination. A reply from Morais indicates limited knowledge of Harris but states that Harris has a good moral character and seems to have studied Hebrew and English well.
A two-page letter written by Moses N. Nathan from Charleston, South Carolina to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on July 12, 1854. Nathan expresses his pleasure with prayer books and a Bible he received, apologizes for delayed payment, and discusses his financial situation. He also comments on the controversy surrounding a man referred to as Dr. Mayer, expressing his opposition to reformist ideas within his religion, and stating his strong belief in maintaining traditional practices. The letter shows Nathan's strong opinions on religious reform.
Letter from "An Old Subscriber" and Solomon to Isaac Leeser regarding a published sermon by Rev. Solomon Jacobs and its interpretation of Exodus 3:14. The letter critiques Leeser's previous comments on Jacobs's translation/paraphrase, defends Jacobs's scholarship, and discusses the potential plagiarism of Rashi's work. The letter also includes a separate note to Leeser suggesting a strategy for replying to previous criticisms.
Letter from Reinah Judah to Isaac Leeser, written in Charleston, South Carolina on November 14, 1831. Judah describes her recent sea voyage from Philadelphia, her illness during the journey, and her arrival in Charleston. She details her health, mentions visits from members of the Charleston congregation, and discusses the dietary practices of her acquaintances. She also includes greetings to various individuals in Philadelphia and Baltimore. A note to Clara Marks is included on a separate sheet.
Letter from Solomon Nunes Carvalho to Isaac Leeser discussing a trial of Reverend Henry vs. Isaac Leeser for slander, in which Reverend Ellis Lyons was subpoenaed to testify. Carvalho advises Leeser to remain quiet and not make any remarks in Philadelphia, suggesting that Lyons's testimony would be invalid. The letter also discusses the publication of Mr. Poznanski's letter, a translation of Jerusalem, and Carvalho's opinion on the religious principles of Mr. Myer/Mayers. Carvalho asks for information and advice concerning Mr. Moise and KKBE.
Letter from Moses Baich, Solomon Moses, Isaac Woolf, Abraham Jonas, and Samuel Valentine, representing the Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim of Charleston, South Carolina, to Abraham Hart and the Congregation Mikveh Israel of Philadelphia. The writers request that the Philadelphia congregation allow their Hazan, Isaac Leeser, to travel to Charleston to testify in a legal case involving the introduction of innovations to Jewish ritual practices. The writers express concern that their former Hazan, G. Poznanski, will testify in favor of these innovations. They emphasize the importance of maintaining traditional Jewish practices and appeal to Hart and the congregation's sympathy and support in this matter. The letter mentions the trial is expected on August 8th and they request Leeser's presence for a fortnight. A wax seal is mentioned.
Letter from Solomon Nunes Carvalho to Isaac Leeser discussing various topics, including an article in the Phillipson paper, the resolution sent by M. Valentine regarding Dr. E's lecture and Lyons' resignation, and the publication of a circular from members of KKBE. Carvalho also shares his opinion on the Jewish ministry, advocating for prayers in English for better understanding, and mentions the wedding invitation of S. Solis. The letter also includes details on financial matters relating to bills and binding.
A satirical letter commenting on the reforms in a Charleston synagogue, specifically criticizing the apathy of the congregation during Sabbath services and contrasting it with the more active involvement of the women in the Sunday school. The author praises the reformers for clarifying the fourth commandment but criticizes the use of English in services, suggesting it leads to boredom. The letter ends with a request for publication in Leeser's publication.
Letter from J. Eckman to Isaac Leeser expressing regret at the ingratitude of Israel towards its teachers and prophets, and disappointment at the loss of Leeser's congregation. Eckman sends communications for possible publication in Leeser's Occident, and offers to remit any charges via Mr. Hart.
![Letter from B. Palauture[?] to Isaac Leeser;June 03, 1857](https://iiif-images.library.upenn.edu/iiif/2/6ef215e0-0f1d-493e-ba5e-9afd08182180/full/!600,600/0/default.jpg)
Letter from B. Palauture[?] to Isaac Leeser, written in Charleston, SC on June 3, 1857. The writer forwards a preamble and resolutions to Leeser for publication in his periodical, *The Occident*. The writer mentions a planned visit to Philadelphia the following month. The letter is signed "BPalauture[?] Secty K K. Shea. Israel." and includes a closing remark indicating that the writer's family sends their regards.
Letter from Samuel Hart, Sr. to Isaac Leeser regarding financial matters related to the Occident and Jewish Publication Society. Hart includes a check for $97.74 for collecting to date, and requests bills from David Lopez and M. Lazarus. He also mentions the non-arrival of the Occident, and asks for more copies of a Hebrew vocabulary. A postscript mentions a donation from his sister for the poor in Jerusalem. The letter also includes detailed financial accounts of collections for both the Occident and the Jewish Publication Society.
Letter from Samuel Hart Sen. to Reverend Isaac Leeser discussing various matters, including the payment of subscriptions, the activities of Dr. Raphael, and the differences of opinion between Dr. Raphael and Mr. P. and his followers regarding reforms in Judaism. The letter provides detailed insights into the religious and social dynamics of the Jewish community in Charleston, SC, during that time.
Letter from Samuel Hart, Sen. to Isaac Leeser discussing the debate between Dr. Raphall, P.B., and Wise. Hart mentions documents related to the debate and the resignation of Revd Mayer from the Haul St. Synagogue. He also expresses his opinion that engaging with Wise's remarks is not worthwhile. The letter includes information about the delivery of the 40 Bible and other parcels.
Letter from L. Weiskopf of Charleston, South Carolina, to the estate of Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Weiskopf writes that he only subscribed to *The Occident* since last year and owes for one year and two months, totaling $4.75. He requests that the periodical be stopped as he can no longer afford it. A note in pencil at the bottom left reads, "send bill as above WBH."
Letter from Solomon Nunes Carvalho to Isaac Leeser discussing the resignation of Reverend E. Lyons, his excommunication of Dr. E., and the subsequent actions of the Charleston Congregation. Carvalho details the meeting of the Board of Trustees, their acceptance of Lyons' resignation, and their repudiation of his charges against the congregation. He also mentions the congregation's support of Dr. E. and their decision to advertise for a new Hazan and lecturer. The letter further touches upon Lyons' motives, his perceived pride, and the congregation's efforts to find a replacement. Carvalho concludes by discussing potential arrangements for Leeser to officiate at upcoming holidays and addressing the issue of Leeser's potential election as minister, noting the two-year term limit in the congregation's constitution.
A four-page letter from R. C. and Sarah Anna Moïefse to Isaac Leeser, discussing various topics including the weather, social events, and the establishment of a Jewish publication society in America. The letter also includes personal anecdotes, reflections on Leeser's public and private personas, and inquiries about acquaintances in Philadelphia. A separate section, written by Sarah Anna Moïefse, includes poems and questions for Leeser.
Letter from Gustavus Poznanski to Isaac Leeser regarding the insertion of a circular in the Occident magazine. Poznanski requests clarification on why the circular appeared in both the December and January issues, questioning the need to pay for more than one insertion. He also inquires about his subscription payment to the Occident, which he made to Mr. S. Hart in Charleston on October 9th, 1859.
Letter from Joshua Lazarus of Charleston, South Carolina to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Lazarus discusses a proposed convention and its potential impact on the future of Judaism. He explains that his congregation's differing views prevent their cooperation. He also includes a payment of $12 for Leeser's account and mentions that he harbors no ill will towards Mr. Hart or anyone holding opposing opinions.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer of Charleston, South Carolina to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mayer requests Leeser to forward a copy of *The Occident* to his sister-in-law in New York City. He also points out a typographical error in Leeser's version of the Bible (Deuteronomy 8:17) and asks Leeser's opinion on Dr. Wise's proposed conference.
Philip M. Criemad[?] writes to Isaac Leeser from Charleston, South Carolina on June 17, 1853. He acknowledges receipt of a letter from Leeser and encloses a draft on their New York agents for nine dollars. Mrs. M. also sends her regards.
Letter from Dr. Sarner to Rev. Isaac Leeser written in Charleston, SC on June 1, 1864. Dr. Sarner explains that he is not receiving Leeser's papers regularly and asks that they no longer be sent. He states that he will pay his debts upon arrival in Philadelphia. The letter closes with greetings to Rev. Mr. Pope and his family.
Letter from Charles H. Moise, president of Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim, and Nathaniel Levine, secretary and treasurer of the same congregation, to Isaac Leeser, informing him of his unanimous appointment as a delegate to represent the congregation at the annual meeting of the Board of Delegates of American Israelites. The letter confers full powers upon Leeser to act on the congregation's behalf.
Two-page letter written by R. C. Moise from an unspecified location in Charleston to an unnamed recipient in Philadelphia. The writer expresses hope for the recipient's success and well-being, offering encouragement amidst challenges and urging them to persevere in their work, possibly in literature, despite facing persecution. The letter is filled with religious and metaphorical language, emphasizing faith and the importance of the recipient's contributions to their community.
Letter from M. Mayer to Isaac Leeser discussing the continuation of an essay, health issues, and a review of Dr. Kayserling's work, "Sephardim. Romanische Poesicen der Juden in Spanien". Mayer mentions considering resigning from his position due to Charleston's climate. He also inquires about the success of Mars's sermon.
Letter from Jacob De La Motta in Charleston, South Carolina to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. De La Motta discusses Leeser's publication, noting its positive reception among various groups. He also mentions a bookseller, Mr. Harrison, who is willing to distribute copies of the publication on commission. De La Motta provides an update on the number of subscribers and expresses regret about the illness of Miss Etting. The letter is written on four pages across two sheets.
Letter from J. Barrett Cohen to Isaac Leeser requesting to withdraw an article from Leeser's magazine. Cohen explains that he believes that re-opening the discussion would only re-ignite old arguments. The letter ends with a holiday greeting.
Two-page letter from Joshua Lazarus in Charleston, South Carolina to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, discussing the binding of a recently received Bible translation. Lazarus requests a specific style of binding and inquires about his outstanding balance for the Occident magazine.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer of Charleston, South Carolina, to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mayer inquires about the delivery of a Bible he ordered for a wedding gift, discusses a controversy surrounding the Swiss Treaty in the Charleston Courier, and comments on Leeser's article on the new American prayer book. He also mentions Charles H. Moise's role in the Swiss Treaty debate and shares news about S. Jacobs's possible appointment at Girard College.
Thomas J. Moise writes to Isaac Leeser from Charleston, South Carolina on May 27, 1851. Moise explains his absence from the city and expresses his hope for the continued success of *The Occident*. He offers to help increase subscriptions in Charleston by contacting potential subscribers. He mentions that Charles F. Levy and Charles H. Moise have been reading *The Occident* instead of *The Advocate*.
Letter from J. N. Carvalho to Isaac Leeser discussing an article for Leeser's approval and enclosing notes to be given to the printer. Carvalho mentions sending Spanish books belonging to Mr. Aziredo, including "Hoboth Hallebaboth," and offers additional Spanish prayer books and a Pentateuch. He also inquires about a Bible sheet sent to Mr. Serin and mentions his wife's health and money to be sent to Leeser. The letter includes a wax seal and is written on three pages across two sheets.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer of Charleston, South Carolina to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mayer discusses his attempts to defend Leeser against attacks in the *Zeitung des Judenthums*, explaining his communications with Dr. Philippson and Mr. Eppstein. He also mentions a Bible he sent to Mr. Hart. The letter is written in English with some Hebrew words.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer in Charleston, South Carolina, to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mayer sends Leeser a communication for publication in the Occident, and adds some confidential remarks. He assures Leeser that he did not intend to hurt his feelings with the communication and offers to send a translation of a sketch by Professor Munk, as well as a translation of an eulogy on R. Friedlaender, if Leeser wishes to publish it.
This letter discusses a subscription to Isaac Leeser's "Prayer Book for the whole year." The writer's mother subscribed while Leeser was in Charleston and was expecting delivery to Charleston, South Carolina, by one week before Rosh Hashanah. The writer expresses concern over the prayer book's non-arrival and states that if it doesn't arrive in time, their mother won't feel obligated to accept it.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer in Charleston, South Carolina, to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mayer apologizes for the delay in sending the conclusion of an article, explaining his illness and busy schedule. He discusses fundraising efforts for New Orleans following a recent epidemic, comparing his congregation's approach to that of other congregations. The letter also mentions his upcoming marriage.
Letter from Nathaniel Levin to Isaac Leeser discussing a new creed composed by Mr. Poznanski and Mr. Joshua Lazarus, concerns about Poznanski's views on the Messiah and the observance of holidays, and a request for Leeser's opinion and assistance in addressing these issues within the Charleston Jewish community. Levin also seeks Leeser's guidance on how to proceed with Poznanski's continued role as Hazan, given his unorthodox views. The letter details various concerns about Poznanski's interpretations of Jewish law and tradition, and his statements made to Christian ministers. The letter also includes personal greetings and logistical details.
A four-page letter from an anonymous writer in Charleston, South Carolina to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dated June 1, 1856. The letter is a detailed account of the writer's strained relationship with Reverend Mr. Jacobs, including descriptions of personal conflicts and disagreements within their respective congregations. The writer explains their delay in responding to Leeser's previous letter and defends their actions against accusations made by Mr. Jacobs. The letter also touches on other events and individuals within the Jewish community, including references to specific publications and individuals' behaviors.
Letter from Samuel Hart, Sen. in Charleston to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia. Hart reports on collections made on behalf of *The Occident*, including a list of donors and amounts, as well as sales of books. He also discusses sermons delivered in his synagogue to raise money for those suffering in New Orleans. He mentions his plans to visit Leeser soon. The letter includes several financial calculations and tables summarizing the fundraising and sales.
Letter from Thomas J. Moise in Charleston, South Carolina to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Moise writes about collecting money for the Occident, a publication, and discusses various subscribers and their reasons for canceling their subscriptions. He also comments on the state of congregational affairs in Charleston and its relationship to the Occident's articles.
Envelope addressed to Rev. Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, PA. The envelope has a return address for Sims & Nance, Wholesale Grocers, located at No. 1 Hayne St., Charleston, S.C. The envelope is two pages on one sheet.
One-page letter written on legal-sized paper from Charleston, SC to Philadelphia, PA. The author, I. Jacobs, uses biblical allusions (Goliath, David) to address a recipient's claims of "insolent abuse" and "shameless effrontery." The letter expresses confidence in having refuted the recipient's arguments. The letter is fragmentary.
Three-page letter written in German from Morris Meyer in Charleston, South Carolina, to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Meyer requests Leeser send him three prayer books according to the customs of Portuguese Jews, specifying details about their binding and price. He also requests a year's subscription to *The Occident*, discusses Leeser's successes, and mentions family matters, including his brother Dr. Meyer in Hannover and his brother-in-law Louis Spanier in Albany.
Letter from Dr. M. Mayer of Charleston, South Carolina, to Reverend Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dated October 5, 1857. The letter is a detailed response to a previous letter from Leeser, primarily addressing the establishment of a new Sephardim congregation in Philadelphia. Mayer expresses his opinion that the creation of the new congregation was unjustified, lacking a basis in doctrinal differences, and characterizing the secession as "rebellion." He discusses the arguments for and against the new congregation, referring to articles in the Asmonean and other publications. The letter also touches upon the role and effectiveness of Jewish Sunday schools. A postscript, dated November 25, 1857, adds further comments and observations.
Three-page letter from Samuel Hart, Sr. to Isaac Leeser discussing finances related to collections for the *Occident*, the progress of the Bible printing and stereotyping, Dr. Wise's move to Cincinnati to lead a congregation, and opinions on Reform Judaism. Hart expresses concern about Dr. Wise's apparent shift in religious views. He also inquires about outstanding debts for the *Occident* from Oppenheim and Myers, and Michael Lazarus's subscription status. He closes by asking if any of Peixotto's work will be included in future issues.
Letter from Jacob Canter De La Motta to Isaac Leeser discussing the Cholera epidemic. De La Motta expresses his gratitude for Leeser's information about the Cholera outbreak in Philadelphia, and comments on the disease's spread and impact. He mentions plans to visit Leeser in the spring or summer. He also mentions a friend, Mr. Allen, and asks Leeser to inform mutual acquaintances of his absence from Philadelphia due to the epidemic. The letter concludes with De La Motta's best wishes and regards.
An anonymous letter from Charleston, South Carolina, to Isaac Leeser in Philadelphia, dated May 21, 1843. The writer details the internal conflict within their congregation, focusing on disagreements over religious practices, particularly concerning the observance of the second day of Passover. The letter highlights a significant division between those favoring reform and those upholding traditional practices. Specific individuals and events are mentioned, including Reverend G. Poznanski's controversial sermon and the actions of the Trustees and congregation members like Abraham Ottoler, Mr. Moses, I. N. Cardoza, and Mr. Tobias. The letter emphasizes the writer's concern about reform attempts that they believe would compromise the core tenets of Judaism. The letter consists of six sheets and four pages.
Postmaster Alfred Huger informs the editor of the Occident that a paper addressed to Hamilton Hyams was not picked up from the Charleston post office and requests that the paper no longer be sent.